Oct 1, 2012October 2012: Topical Solutions
Haroutiunian S, Drennen DA, Lipman AG. Topical NSAID therapy for musculoskeletal pain. Pain Medicine. 2010: 11; 535-549.
Kuehl KS. Review of the efficacy and tolerability of the diclofenac epolamine topical patch 1.3% in patients with acute knee pain due to soft tissue injuries. Clinical Therapeutics. 2010: 32(6); 1001-1014.
Winter J, Bevan S, Campbell EA. Capsaicin and pain mechanisms. British Journal of Anaesthesia. 1995: 75; 157-168.
Galeotti N, DiCesare M, Mannelli G. Menthol: a natural analgesic. Neuroscience Letters. 2002: 322(3); 145-148.
Xu H, Blair NT, Clapham DE. Camphor activates and strongly desensitizes the transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 channel in a vanilloid-independent mechanism. The Journal of Neurosciences. 2005: 25(39);8924-8937.
Morra P, Bartle WR, Walker SE, et al. Serum concentrations of salicylic acid following topically applied salicylate derivatives. Ann Pharmacother. 1996 Sep;30(9):935-40.
Cross SE, Anderson C, Roberts MS. Topical penetration of commercial salicylate esters and salts using human isolated skin and clinical microdialysis studies. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1998 Jul;46(1):29-35.)
Massey T, Derry S, Moore RA, McQuay HJ. Topical NSAIDs for acute pain in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010 Jun 16;(6):CD007402.
Anand P, Bley K. Topical capsaicin for pain management: therapeutic potential and mechanisms of action of the new high-concentration capsaicin 8% patch. Br. J. Anaesth. (2011) 107 (4): 490-502.